Inserción laboral de los graduados de Ingeniería Comercial/Administración de Empresas de las universidades categorias A y B de la provincia de Pichincha – Ecuador

La tesis aborda una problemática generalizada de la educación superior: la inserción laboral de sus graduados y focaliza la investigación en dos carreras afines - la Ingeniería Comercial y la Administración de Empresas – que se dictan en la provincia de Pichincha, considerando que la oferta académica de esa región es significativa respecto de la general del Ecuador. El propósito de la investigación queda expresado en el objetivo general: Identificar los factores que inciden en la inserción laboral de los graduados de la carrera de Ingeniería Comercial/Administración de Empresas de las Universidades categoría “A Y B” de la Provincia de Pichincha Ecuador. Para abordar el objetivo se analiza la situación actual de la inserción de los graduados, las limitaciones que estos han encontrado para su inserción laboral, las políticas de selección de personal de las empresas para determinar los perfiles y competencias requeridas y, finalmente, la opinión de los Directores de las carreras sobre las acciones que las universidades encaran para facilitar la inserción de sus graduados. El carácter de la investigación es de tipo exploratorio descriptivo y utiliza como instrumentos de recolección de información las encuestas a graduados y las entrevistas estructuradas a funcionarios de empresas y Directores de Carrera. El aporte del trabajo, además de señalar las limitaciones en materia de inserción laboral de las carreras de Ingeniería Comercial y Administración de Empresas, se concreta en la propuesta de una serie de lineamientos a implementar en las Universidades para asegurar la empleabilidad y la inserción laboral de los egresados de las carreras analizadas.Facultad de Ciencias Económica

Incidencia de la Publicidad en Buses de Transporte Público del Cantón Rumiñahui y su Influencia en el Comportamiento del Consumidor

The objective of the present investigation is to determine if the advertising displayed on means of transport in the Rumiñahui Canton has a favorable impact on consumer behavior from the point of view of marketing. The focus of the study is mixed, the type of research is correlational, the design is non-experimental, cross-sectional and allows measuring the correspondence between the variables: mobile outdoor advertising in public transport and consumer behavior variables. A field investigation was conducted through a structured interview, which was validated by 8 experts. Directors of public transport bus cooperatives were consulted and an interview was conducted with a sample of 383 public transport users, by random sampling of the total population of Rumiñahui. For the purpose of analyzing the data collected, a univariate analysis was performed first for each question and then bivariate with the chi-square test to analyze the influence between the dimensions of the variables. The result obtained was the rejection of the null hypothesis originally proposed, concluding that publicity in public transport buses favorably influences the behavior of public transport users as a strategy to encourage consumption.El objetivo de la presente investigación es determinar si la publicidad visualizada en medios de transporte, en el Cantón Rumiñahui incide favorablemente en el comportamiento del consumidor desde el punto de vista del marketing. El enfoque del estudio es mixto, el tipo de investigación es correlacional, el diseño es de campo no experimental, transversal y permite medir la correspondencia entre las variables: publicidad exterior móvil en el transporte público y las variables del comportamiento del consumidor. Se realizó una investigación de campo mediante entrevista estructurada, la cual fue validada mediante 8 expertos. Se consultó a directivos de cooperativas de buses de transporte público y se realizó una entrevista con una muestra de 383 usuarios del transporte público, mediante muestreo aleatorio de la población total de Rumiñahui. A efectos del análisis de los datos recabados, se realizó en primer lugar un análisis univariado por cada pregunta y luego bivariado con la prueba chi cuadrado para analizar la influencia entre las dimensiones de las variables. El resultado obtuvo el rechazo de la hipótesis nula planteada originalmente, concluyéndose que la publicidad en buses de transporte público influye favorablemente en el comportamiento de los usuarios del transporte público como estrategia para incentivar el consumo.

Inserción Laboral de los Graduados de Ingeniería Comercial / Administración de Empresas de las Universidades Categorías A y B de la Provincia de Pichincha – Ecuador

The purpose of the research is to identify the factors that affect the labor insertion of graduates of the career of Commercial Engineering / Business Administration of the Universities category “A and B” of the Province of Pichincha Ecuador.  Methodologically, the current situation of the insertion of graduates will be analyzed, the limitations that they have encountered for their labor insertion, the personnel selection policies of the companies to determine the profiles and skills required, and finally, the opinion of the Directors. of the careers on the actions that the universities undertake to facilitate the insertion of their graduates. The present study is conceived from the mixed approach of the investigation, of descriptive type with non-experimental field design. Among the main results, the development of The main competencies on which the effort should focus are: ability to solve problems, Teamwork, Leadership, and Decision-making. In addition, it should be considered that instrumental mastery of the English language. For the development of the main competences, specific activities will be necessary aimed at solving specific situations through the analysis of business cases or the presentation and evaluation of real projects.El propósito de la investigación radica en identificar los factores que inciden en la inserción laboral de los graduados de la carrera de Ingeniería Comercial / Administración de Empresas de las Universidades categoría “A y B” de la provincia de Pichincha, Ecuador. A nivel metodológico se analizará la situación actual de la inserción de los graduados, las limitaciones que estos han encontrado para su inserción laboral, las políticas de selección de personal de las empresas para determinar los perfiles y competencias requerida y, finalmente, la opinión de los directores de las carreras sobre las acciones que las universidades encaran para facilitar la inserción de sus graduados. El presente estudio se concibe desde el enfoque mixto de la investigación, de tipo descriptivo con diseño de campo no experimental. Entre los principales resultados, el desarrollo de las principales competencias sobre las cuales se debe focalizar el esfuerzo son: capacidad para resolver problemas, trabajo en equipo, liderazgo, y toma de decisiones. Además, debe considerarse el dominio instrumental del idioma inglés. Para el desarrollo de las principales competencias serán necesarias actividades específicas orientadas a la resolución de situaciones concretas, mediante el análisis de casos de empresas o la presentación y evaluación de proyectos reales

All-cause mortality in the cohorts of the Spanish AIDS Research Network (RIS) compared with the general population: 1997Ł2010

Abstract Background: Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has produced significant changes in mortality of HIVinfected persons. Our objective was to estimate mortality rates, standardized mortality ratios and excess mortality rates of cohorts of the AIDS Research Network (RIS) (CoRIS-MD and CoRIS) compared to the general population. Methods: We analysed data of CoRIS-MD and CoRIS cohorts from 1997 to 2010. We calculated: (i) all-cause mortality rates, (ii) standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and (iii) excess mortality rates for both cohort for 100 personyears (py) of follow-up, comparing all-cause mortality with that of the general population of similar age and gender. Results: Between 1997 and 2010, 8,214 HIV positive subjects were included, 2,453 (29.9%) in CoRIS-MD and 5,761 (70.1%) in CoRIS and 294 deaths were registered. All-cause mortality rate was 1.02 (95% CI 0.91-1.15) per 100 py, SMR was 6.8 (95% CI 5.9-7.9) and excess mortality rate was 0.8 (95% CI 0.7-0.9) per 100 py. Mortality was higher in patients with AIDS, hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection, and those from CoRIS-MD cohort (1997. Conclusion: Mortality among HIV-positive persons remains higher than that of the general population of similar age and sex, with significant differences depending on the history of AIDS or HCV coinfection

Evaluation of factors leading to poor outcomes for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Mexico: a multi-institutional report of 2,116 patients

Background and aimsPediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) survival rates in low- and middle-income countries are lower due to deficiencies in multilevel factors, including access to timely diagnosis, risk-stratified therapy, and comprehensive supportive care. This retrospective study aimed to analyze outcomes for pediatric ALL at 16 centers in Mexico.MethodsPatients <18 years of age with newly diagnosed B- and T-cell ALL treated between January 2011 and December 2019 were included. Clinical and biological characteristics and their association with outcomes were examined.ResultsOverall, 2,116 patients with a median age of 6.3 years were included. B-cell immunophenotype was identified in 1,889 (89.3%) patients. The median white blood cells at diagnosis were 11.2.5 × 103/mm3. CNS-1 status was reported in 1,810 (85.5%), CNS-2 in 67 (3.2%), and CNS-3 in 61 (2.9%). A total of 1,488 patients (70.4%) were classified as high-risk at diagnosis. However, in 52.5% (991/1,889) of patients with B-cell ALL, the reported risk group did not match the calculated risk group allocation based on National Cancer Institute (NCI) criteria. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and PCR tests were performed for 407 (19.2%) and 736 (34.8%) patients, respectively. Minimal residual disease (MRD) during induction was performed in 1,158 patients (54.7%). The median follow-up was 3.7 years. During induction, 191 patients died (9.1%), and 45 patients (2.1%) experienced induction failure. A total of 365 deaths (17.3%) occurred, including 174 deaths after remission. Six percent (176) of patients abandoned treatment. The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) was 58.9% ± 1.7% for B-cell ALL and 47.4% ± 5.9% for T-cell ALL, while the 5-year overall survival (OS) was 67.5% ± 1.6% for B-cell ALL and 54.3% ± 0.6% for T-cell ALL. The 5-year cumulative incidence of central nervous system (CNS) relapse was 5.5% ± 0.6%. For the whole cohort, significantly higher outcomes were seen for patients aged 1–10 years, with DNA index >0.9, with hyperdiploid ALL, and without substantial treatment modifications. In multivariable analyses, age and Day 15 MRD continued to have a significant effect on EFS.ConclusionOutcomes in this multi-institutional cohort describe poor outcomes, influenced by incomplete and inconsistent risk stratification, early toxic death, high on-treatment mortality, and high CNS relapse rate. Adopting comprehensive risk-stratification strategies, evidence-informed de-intensification for favorable-risk patients and optimized supportive care could improve outcomes

Spatiotemporal Characteristics of the Largest HIV-1 CRF02_AG Outbreak in Spain: Evidence for Onward Transmissions

Background and Aim: The circulating recombinant form 02_AG (CRF02_AG) is the predominant clade among the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) non-Bs with a prevalence of 5.97% (95% Confidence Interval-CI: 5.41–6.57%) across Spain. Our aim was to estimate the levels of regional clustering for CRF02_AG and the spatiotemporal characteristics of the largest CRF02_AG subepidemic in Spain.Methods: We studied 396 CRF02_AG sequences obtained from HIV-1 diagnosed patients during 2000–2014 from 10 autonomous communities of Spain. Phylogenetic analysis was performed on the 391 CRF02_AG sequences along with all globally sampled CRF02_AG sequences (N = 3,302) as references. Phylodynamic and phylogeographic analysis was performed to the largest CRF02_AG monophyletic cluster by a Bayesian method in BEAST v1.8.0 and by reconstructing ancestral states using the criterion of parsimony in Mesquite v3.4, respectively.Results: The HIV-1 CRF02_AG prevalence differed across Spanish autonomous communities we sampled from (p < 0.001). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 52.7% of the CRF02_AG sequences formed 56 monophyletic clusters, with a range of 2–79 sequences. The CRF02_AG regional dispersal differed across Spain (p = 0.003), as suggested by monophyletic clustering. For the largest monophyletic cluster (subepidemic) (N = 79), 49.4% of the clustered sequences originated from Madrid, while most sequences (51.9%) had been obtained from men having sex with men (MSM). Molecular clock analysis suggested that the origin (tMRCA) of the CRF02_AG subepidemic was in 2002 (median estimate; 95% Highest Posterior Density-HPD interval: 1999–2004). Additionally, we found significant clustering within the CRF02_AG subepidemic according to the ethnic origin.Conclusion: CRF02_AG has been introduced as a result of multiple introductions in Spain, following regional dispersal in several cases. We showed that CRF02_AG transmissions were mostly due to regional dispersal in Spain. The hot-spot for the largest CRF02_AG regional subepidemic in Spain was in Madrid associated with MSM transmission risk group. The existence of subepidemics suggest that several spillovers occurred from Madrid to other areas. CRF02_AG sequences from Hispanics were clustered in a separate subclade suggesting no linkage between the local and Hispanic subepidemics

Cultura Organizacional y Desempeño Docente en Instituciones Públicas de Educación Superior

Through this research, the aim was to establish the relationship between organizational culture and work performance in the substantive functions of teaching, research and connection with society in the public universities of the Pichincha province (Ecuador). Three universities were selected: University of the Armed Forces (ESPE), National Polytechnic School (EPN) and Central University of Ecuador (UCE). The sample was 304 teachers. To measure and analyze the data, a methodology was established based on the quantitative, qualitative, individual and group characteristics of the existing data. The results show that universities have an organizational culture in which aspects are developed, such as: integration, interpersonal relationships, teamwork and communication. Similar conclusions were obtained from the evaluations: in general, teachers perform adequately in relation to planning, evaluation, content, among others. The correlation analysis developed allowed to demonstrate a significant correlation between the mean values ​​of organizational culture and teaching performance. In this way, the hypothesis was corroborated that the variables of the organizational culture considered do affect the job performance of university professors.Por medio de esta investigación se pretendió establecer la relación entre cultura organizacional y desempeño laboral en las funciones sustantivas de docencia, investigación y vinculación con la sociedad de las universidades públicas de la provincia Pichincha (Ecuador). Se seleccionaron tres universidades: Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas (ESPE), Escuela Politécnica Nacional (EPN) y Universidad Central del Ecuador (UCE). La muestra fue de 304 docentes. Para medir y analizar los datos se estableció una metodología basada en las características cuantitativas, cualitativas, individuales y grupales de la data existente. Los resultados muestran que las universidades tienen una cultura organizacional en la que se desarrollan aspectos, tales como: integración, relaciones interpersonales, trabajo en equipo y comunicación. De las evaluaciones se obtuvo conclusiones similares: en general, los docentes se desempeñan adecuadamente en relación con la planificación, evaluación, contenidos, entre otros. El análisis de correlación desarrollado permitió demostrar una correlación significativa entre los valores medios de cultura organizacional y desempeño docente. De esta forma se corroboró la hipótesis acerca de que las variables de la cultura organizacional consideradas sí inciden en el desempeño laboral de los profesores universitarios

Detection of CD39 and a Highly Glycosylated Isoform of Soluble CD73 in the Plasma of Patients with Cervical Cancer: Correlation with Disease Progression

Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is the main factor in the development of cervical cancer (CC). The presence of immunosuppressive factors plays an important role in the development of this type of cancer. To determine whether CD39 and CD73, which participate in the production of immunosuppressive adenosine (Ado), are involved in the progression of CC, we compared the concentrations and hydrolytic activity of these ectonucleotidases in platelet-free plasma (PFP) samples between patients with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs) (n=18), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) (n=12), and CC (n=19) and normal donors (NDs) (n=15). The concentrations of CD39 and CD73 in PFP increased with disease progression (r=0.5929, p<0.001). The PFP of patients with HSILs or CC showed the highest concentrations of CD39 (2.3 and 2.2 times that of the NDs, respectively) and CD73 (1.7 and 2.68 times that of the NDs, respectively), which were associated with a high capacity to generate Ado from the hydrolysis of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP). The addition of POM-1 and APCP, specific inhibitors of CD39 and CD73, respectively, inhibited the ADPase and AMPase activity of PFP by more than 90%. A high level of the 90 kD isoform of CD73 was detected in the PFP of patients with HSILs or CC. Digestion with endoglycosidase H and N-glycanase generated CD73 with weights of approximately 90 kD, 85 kD, 80 kD, and 70 kD. In addition, the levels of transforming grow factor-β (TGF-β) in the PFPs of patients with LSIL, HSIL and CC positively correlated with those of CD39 (r=0.4432, p<0.001) and CD73 (r=0.5786, p<0.001). These results suggest that persistent infection by HR-HPV and the concomitant production of TGF-β promote the expression of CD39 and CD73 to favor CC progression through Ado generation

Rutas biológicas virtuales por Puerto Real

Se presenta memoria final de proyecto educativo que trata de acercar al alumnado del centro, y por extensión de toda la localidad y la comarca, a una realidad en la que ya vienen trabajando en los diez últimos cursos: la educación medioambiental. Se pretende aprovechar la experiencia y el gran trabajo realizado cursos pasados para editarlos en soportes relacionados con las nuevas tecnologías. Se realiza en el CEIP El Trocadero de Puerto Real, Cádiz y se trata de diseñar una serie de itinerarios ecológicos por las zonas verdes y espacios naturales de la zona de Puerto Real. Los objetivos son: respeto por la naturaleza y del entorno más cercano gracias a su conocimiento; aprendizaje de técnicas de observación directa del entorno inmediato; utilización de las TICs para alumnado y profesorado. El proceso consta de varias fases: visita de itinerarios para la elección de los posibles recursos; elaboración de soportes tanto fotográficos como video; realización de reuniones periódicas para trabajar boceto de presentación; visionado de los diferentes soportes que permanecían en el centro; dar cuerpo a la primera ruta. Los resultados han sido: elaboración y digitalización de todas las fichas de plantas propuestas; se han elaborado, limpiado, seleccionado y digitalizado las distintas láminas y dibujos de animales y plantas de la zona; se confeccionan los distintos planos y rutas a desarrollar para luego digitalizarlos; se recopilaron, clasificaron y ordenaron las distintas imágenes obtenidas en salidas y en material específico del centro; todos los temas tratados se han informatizado.Junta de Andalucía. Consejería de EducaciónAndalucíaES

Compilación de Proyectos de Investigación desde el año 2003 al 2012

Listado de Proyectos de investigación de UPIICSA desde 2003 a 201